What are the four main factors that contribute to acne formation?

The four main factors that contribute to acne formation include excess sebum production, clogged hair follicles, increased bacterial growth, and inflammation.

Excess sebum production occurs when the sebaceous glands in the skin produce oil more than necessary, which can lead to oily skin. When this excess oil mixes with dead skin cells, it can clog hair follicles. Clogged follicles create an environment conducive to the growth of bacteria, particularly Propionibacterium acnes, which can multiply and lead to inflammation. This inflammation is what typically manifests as the red, swollen spots we recognize as acne.

Understanding this process is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies that target these specific factors, which can help in reducing and managing acne. The other options listed may contribute to skin health or exacerbate existing conditions, but they do not encompass the direct primary mechanisms behind the formation of acne.